Optimizing Healthy Pregnancy Through Prenatal Yoga: An Effectiveness Study on Primigravida at Independent Midwifery Practices in East Lampung
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: One intervention that can be undertaken by pregnant women to support optimal pregnancy outcomes is prenatal yoga. Yoga is a discipline that integrates physical, mental, and spiritual practices aimed at achieving holistic health, which can be incorporated into daily life.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of prenatal yoga on pregnancy outcomes among primigravida women at Independent Midwifery Practices in Batang Hari, East Lampung, in 2025.
Methods: This study employed a quantitative research approach, using a quasi-experimental design with a post-test only control group. The study population included third-trimester primigravida women, and data collection was conducted at the independent midwifery practices of Bd. Amelia Agustina, S.Keb., and Bdn. Sri Umi, S.ST., between January and March 2025. The Mann-Whitney test was used for data analysis.
Result: The findings revealed that the average post-test score for maternal outcomes in the prenatal yoga intervention group was 0.40, while the average post-test score for perinatal outcomes in the same group was 0.27. In the control group, the average post-test score for maternal outcomes was 1.80 with a standard deviation of 0.775, and the average score for perinatal outcomes was 0.93. A statistically significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups, with a p-value of 0.000.
Conclusion: These results indicate that prenatal yoga is effective in improving pregnancy outcomes among primigravida women at the Independent Midwifery Practices in Batang Hari, East Lampung, in 2025.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Articles and files in this journal are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Ariyana, S., & Dian Afriyani, L. (2022). Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Call for Paper Kebidanan Universitas Ngudi Waluyo Volume 1 No (2) 2022 Prenatal Yoga Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Ibu dan Janin pada Kelas Prenatal di RB Ariyana 2022. 1(2), 604–611.
Bi, S., Zhang, L., Chen, J., Huang, M., Huang, L., Zeng, S., Li, Y., Liang, Y., Jia, J., Wen, S., Cao, Y., Wang, S., Xu, X., Feng, L., Zhao, X., Zhao, Y., Zhu, Q., Qi, H., Zhang, L., … Chen, D. (2021). Maternal age at first cesarean delivery related to adverse pregnancy outcomes in a second cesarean delivery: a multicenter, historical, cross-sectional cohort study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21(1), 126. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03608-9
Campbell, & Nolan. (2019). It definitely made a difference’: A grounded theory study of yoga for pregnancy and women’s self-efficacy for labour. Midwifery Journal, 2(2), 74–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2018.10.005
Corrigan, Moran, McGrath, Eustace-Cook, & Daly. (2022). The characteristics and effectiveness of pregnancy yoga interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 22(1), 250. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04474-9
Czech, Fuchs, Fuchs, Lorek, Tobolska-Lorek, & Drosdzol-Cop. (2018). Pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods of labour pain relief—establishment of effectiveness and comparison. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(12), 27(12), 27–92.
Daniyati, & Mawaddah. (2021). Effect of Prenatal Yoga on Duration of the First Stage of Labor and Perineal Rupture in Primigravida Mothers. Research Journal of Life Science, 8(1), 34–39. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.rjls.2021.008.01.5
Das, S., Pal, D., Sadhukhan, S. K., Haque, H. Z., & Datta, M. (2021). A Cross-Sectional Study on Prevalence of Post-Natal Depression and its Associates among Women in a Rural Community in Hooghly District, West Bengal. Journal of Comprehensive Health, 9(1), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.53553/jch.v09i01.007
Dheska Arthyka Palifiana & Nur Khasanah. (2019). DAMPAK YOGA KEHAMILAN TERHADAP JENIS PERSALINAN. 2(2), 46–53.
Fauziah Arvicha & Kasmiati. (2023). Asuhan Kebidanan Menentukan Umur Kehamilan. In Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6(11), 951–952.
Hidayati, D., Setyorini, D., & Afrian Nuari, N. (2018). Differences Complications During Perinatal in History of Women With Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity Gestational. 9(2), 148–160.
Hillary. (2013). Utilization of Herbal Medicine during Pregnancy, Labour and Post-Partum Period Among Women at Embu Provincial General Hospital (Master’s thesis), University of Nairobi).
Holden, Manor, Zhou, Zera, Davis, & Yeh. (2019). Prenatal Yoga for Back Pain, Balance, and Maternal Wellness: A Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study. Global Advances in Health and Medicine, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2164956119870984
Indrayani, T., & Tuasikal, N. (2020). The Effect of Perineal Massage on Perineal Tear Case on Primigravida Pregnant Mothers In Their Third Trimester In Public Health Center Care of Morokay 2018. STRADA Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 9(2), 588–592. https://doi.org/10.30994/sjik.v9i2.346
K Curtis, A Weinrib, J. K. (2012). Systematic Review of Yoga for Pregnant Women: Current Status and Future Direction. Hindawi Publishing, 2012, Arti. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/715942
Kashanian, Javadi, & Haghighi. (2015). Effect of continuous support during labor on duration of labor and rate of cesarean delivery. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 109(3), 198–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2009.11.028
Landon, M. B. (2024). Vaginal Birth after Cesarean Delivery. Queenan’s Management of High-Risk Pregnancy: An Evidence-Based Approach, 415–424. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119636540.ch47
Lestari, Putri, & Listyaningsih. (2019). Effect of Prenatal Yoga and Pregnancy Exercise on the Anxiety Level and First Stage of Labor Duration among Primigravida . Indones J Midwifery., 7(2), 72–78.
Lewis, S., Lee, A., & Simkhada, P. (2015). The role of husbands in maternal health and safe childbirth in rural Nepal: A qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0599-8
Lin, L., Wei, Y., Zhu, W., Wang, C., & Rina. (2018). Prevalence, Risk Factors And Associated Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Of Anaemia In Chinese Pregnant Women: A Multicentre RetrospecLin, L., Wei, Y., Zhu, W., Wang, C., & Rina. (2018). Prevalence, Risk Factors And Associated Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Of Anae.
Longulo, O. J., Pont, A. V., Mangun, M., & Rafika, R. (2021a). The Effectiveness of Prenatal Yoga on Ballard Score and Newborn Babies Anthropometry. Jurnal Aisyah?: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 6, 79–84. https://doi.org/10.30604/jika.v6is1.765
Longulo, Pont, Mangun, & Rafika. (2021b). The Effectiveness of Prenatal Yoga on Ballard Score and Newborn Babies Anthropometry. Jurnal Aisyah?: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 6(1), 79–84. https://doi.org/10.30604/jika.v6is1.765
Maheshwari, M. V, Khalid, N., Patel, P. D., Alghareeb, R., & Hussain, A. (2022). Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Adolescent Pregnancy: A Narrative Review. Cureus, 14(6), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.25921
Malahayati Inke, N. L. (2021). Effect of Aromatherapy Using Bergamot and Lavender Oils on Postpartum Blues. Evidence Based Care Journal, 10(098 51), 59–63. https://doi.org/10.22038/ebcj.2020.51871.2378
Martins, R. F., & Pinto E Silva, J. L. (2014). Treatment of pregnancy-related lumbar and pelvic girdle pain by the yoga method: A randomized controlled study. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 20(1), 24–31. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2012.0715
Masjoudi, M., Aslani, A., Khazaeian, S., & Fathnezhad-Kazemi, A. (2020). Explaining the experience of prenatal care and investigating the association between psychological factors with self-care in pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed method study protocol. Reproductive Health, 17(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-00949-0
Organização Mundial de Saúde. (2022). World health statistics 2022 (Monitoring health of the SDGs). In Monitoring health of the SDGs.
Pratiwi, D. M., Rejeki, S., & Juniarto, A. Z. (2021). Interventions to Reduce Anxiety in Postpartum Mother. Media Keperawatan Indonesia, 4(1), 62. https://doi.org/10.26714/mki.4.1.2021.62-71
Qoyyimah, Wahyuni, Hartati, & Susanti. (2021). Pain Suffered by Post Sectio Caesaria Patients: How the Effect of Endorphin Massage and Jasmine Aromatherapy Combination? https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.18-11-2020.2311727
Raharja, S., & Aini, Q. (2023). Comparison of Satisfaction Levels Between Post-Operative Sectio Caesaria Patients Followed by the Eracs Protocol TAP Block Analgesia Method and IV Patient Controlled Analgesia: A Literature Review. International Journal of Professional Business Review. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i10.3384
Rahman, A.E., Perkins, J., Islam, S., et al. (2018). Knowledge and Involvement of Husbands in Maternal and Newborn Health in Rural Bangladesh. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Volume, 18(247). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-018-1882-2
Rashidi, Valiee, Roshani, & Shahoei. (2019). The effect of early oral feeding on post-caesarean pain: A randomized clinical trial. Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences, 6(4), 481–486.
Ricchi, A., La Corte, S., Molinazzi, M. T., Messina, M. P., Banchelli, F., & Neri, I. (2020). Study of childbirth education classes and evaluation of their effectiveness. Clinica Terapeutica, 171(1), E78–E86. https://doi.org/10.7417/CT.2020.2193
Ruqaiyah, Abdullah, N., Hatta, M., Mappeware, N. A., Harun, A., Amir, F., & Baharuddin, A. (2020). Anxiety level assessment to primigravidae women (28-40 week) with hamilton anxiety rating scale (HARS) method. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 14(4), 3412–3417. https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12153
Sotome, S., Sawada, A., Wada, A., Shima, H., Kutomi, G., Yamakage, M., Wang, T., Xu, S., He, Q., Tao, J., Ni, H., Zhu, J., Luo, G., Fu, J., Xie, K., Shim, J. W., Cho, Y. J., Moon, H. N. W., Park, J. H., … NCT05574595. (2021). Naldebain for Control of Post-Cesarean Section Pain. Pain Physician.
Sukamti, S., & Noviani, V. A. (2019). Consumption of snakehead fish (channa striata) on postpartum maternal perineal wound healing. 2(2), 75–79. https://ejournal.unisayogya.ac.id/index.php/JHTAM/article/view/873
Sun, Y. C., Hung, Y. C., Chang, Y., & Kuo, S. C. (2010). Effects of a prenatal yoga programme on the discomforts of pregnancy and maternal childbirth self-efficacy in Taiwan. Midwifery, 26(6), e31–e36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2009.01.005
Utami, F. S., Wulandari, I. A., & Teja, N. M. A. Y. R. (2023). Efektivitas Pemberian KIE Tentang VBAC Terhadap Persepsi dan Sikap Ibu Hamil Riwayat SC di RSUD Waikabubak-NTT. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 14(1), 51–61.
Wang, M., Song, Q., Xu, J., Hu, Z., Gong, Y., Lee, A. C., & Chen, Q. (2018). Continuous support during labour in childbirth: A Cross-Sectional study in a university teaching hospital in Shanghai, China. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 18(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-018-2119-0
Woollett, Bandeira, Marunda, Mudekunye, & Ebersohn. (2021). Adolescent pregnancy and young motherhood in rural Zimbabwe: Findings from a baseline study. Health and Social Care in the Community, 29(6), e377–e386. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13362
Youssef, N. K., Mostafa, M. F., & Ibrahim, W. H. (2025). Effect of Implementing Childbirth Preparation Classes on Women’s Self-efficacy and Pregnancy Outcomes. Malaysian Journal of Nursing, 16(3), 98–108. https://doi.org/10.31674/mjn.2025.v16i03.010